Sir Isaac Newton ( born the 4 january 1643- 31 march 1727) was an English physicit, mathematician, astronomer, natural philosopher, alchemist, and theologian, and is considered by many scholars and members of the public to be one of the most influential people in human history. In fact, in his work, Newton described universal gravitation and the three laws of motion, which dominated the scientific view of the physical universe for the next three centuries. Newton showed that the motions of objects on Earth and of Celestial bodies are governed by the same set of naturals laws, by demonstrating the consistency between Kepler's laws of planetary motion and his theory of gravitation; thus removing the last doubts about heliocentrism and advancing the Scientific Revolution.
Also, he built the first pratical reflecting telescope and developed a theory of color based on the observation that a prism decomposes white light into the many colors that form the visible spectrum.
Then, in mathematics, Newton demonstrated the generalised binomial theorem, developed Newton's method for approximating the roots of a function and so on.